Water-Soluble Fiber
The water-soluble fiber group has little effect on stool weight and hence is not appropriate treatment for constipation. It is partially broken down by the digestive process to a gel-like consistency which also retains water. This water retaining property makes this fiber an effective treatment for diarrhea. At the same time, foods high in this fiber slow the rate of food absorption and create a feeling of fullness. This may have an adverse effect on appropriate caloric intake for some children by reducing meal size.
Food Sources: All fruits and vegetables (especially apples, citruses, strawberries, dried beans and leafy greens), oats and peanut butter.
Water-Insoluble Fibers
The water-insoluble fiber group is not affected by digestion and passes out of the system almost completely intact. This makes the stool bulky and soft so elimination is easier. Water-insoluble fiber aids in the treatment of constipation. At the same time, it may also limit absorption of minerals and vitamins. Vitamin supplements may be required, so check with your physician.
Food Sources: Whole grains (wheat, whole-wheat flour, bran), root and mature vegetables (corn, carrots, parsnips, potatoes), peas, dried beans (lentils, kidney beans), fruits with edible seeds (raspberries), apples, dried fruits and nuts.
Food Processing
Refining processes decrease the fiber content of grains. The effect of cooking on the fiber content of foods is unclear, although cooking can cause browning reactions which increase the apparent fiber content of the food. In fact, the fiber content of canned vegetables may be higher than that of fresh vegetables because of these browning reactions and the water lost from the plant during cooking.
Effect of Fiber on Diet
As the fiber content of the diet increases, the fat and protein content of the diet usually decreases. This can produce an overall decline in caloric intake, which may pose a problem for the growing child who needs adequate calories. Weight gain should be monitored by your physician to detect any problems. Fiber should be gradually added to the diet to identify your child's optimal level needed for treatment.
Eating Out
Eating out seems to pose the most difficulties. Try the following:
